
Breakpoints F3 Data Linkage was also found between the short rachilla hair gene s and ***3 Partial F3 linkage data shows 28 6 + 3 4 percent recombination of the two genes Table 5 Table 5 Partial F3 Linkage Data for Rachilla Hair Length s and Bomi Riso Mutant No 1508 Shrunken Endosperm Xenia Mutant ***3 F1 genotype S ***3 s ***3 The short haired rachilla gene

or slightly brown Second glume lanceolate usually 3 8 6 mm long Rachilla internodes 1 1 5 mm long Lemmas 4 8 7 mm long Lemmas apices accuminate awns 4 5 9 mm long Distribution map

distribution of this measure of lysine content referred to as DBCPc was then plotted for each of the classes of rachilla hairs constant long haired segregating and constant short haired Figure 1 The average DBcPc value for the three classes are well in accordance with the expectation based on a 1 2 1 distribution assuming linkage between the locus for s and the locus for

Muchas ganas de rodar pero por el momento el viento no muy generoso hasta que sobre la una de la tarde empezo a soplar un brisa floja aunque continua y con alguna rachilla las estaticas fueron de las primeras en adornar el cielo

Floret and rachill detail L perenne ***um perenne Spikelet tip showing terminal rachilla prolongation within the palea groove of the uppermost floret flanked by lemma margins Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade L perenne Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade L perenne Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade L perenne detail Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade L

lack awns 58 Vulpia octoflora Sixweeks fescue A small bunched annual The inflorescence is a narrow secund panicle sometimes the secund arrangement of spikelets is not evident florets are well spaced along the rachilla like Festuca inhabiting disturbed sites 59 ***um perenne Ryegrass Intoruced annual to biennial or short lived perennial bunchgrass

116 Phragmites australis Common Reed Tall perennials with stout creeping rhizomes the largest native Montana grass and showy plume like panicles spikelets with glabrous lemmas and the rachilla bearing long hairs the long

116 Phragmites australis Common Reed Tall perennials with stout creeping rhizomes the largest native Montana grass and showy plume like panicles spikelets with glabrous lemmas and the rachilla bearing long hairs the long rachilla hairs render the the fall inflorescence more plumose than the summer inflorescence common throughout Montana at lower

spikelets The rachilla of the spikelet has obvious lateral wings Cyperus esculentus found at water s edge or in very moist habitat Please click on an image for a larger file Cyperus esculentus photo Russ Kleinman Burro Mtns Gila Bird Area Oct 7 2008

australis Rachilla with long white silky hairs Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade P australis Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade microhair P australis A rare microhair T S of leaf blade fluorescence image P australis Transverse section of leaf blade P australis T S of leaf blade showing arm cells P australis Phragmites australis

perenne Spikelet tip showing terminal rachilla prolongation within the palea groove of the uppermost floret flanked by lemma margins Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade L perenne Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade L perenne Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade L perenne detail Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade L perenne detail Pollen antigens

rachis Rachis and spikelet in close up L perenne ***um perenne Hollowed rachis left the single upper glume to the right the spikelet dorsiventral to the rachis Floret and rachill detail L perenne ***um perenne Spikelet tip showing terminal rachilla prolongation within the palea groove of the uppermost floret flanked by lemma margins

is not evident florets are well spaced along the rachilla like Festuca inhabiting disturbed sites 59 ***um perenne Ryegrass Intoruced annual to biennial or short lived perennial bunchgrass inflorescence a terminal two sided spike with spikelets attached edge wise found mostly as a component of lawn grasses and pasture mixes ***um multiflorum is a similar

Miscellaneous General morphology General aspect P australis Ligule of P australis Spikelet close up P australis Phragmites australis Rachilla with long white silky hairs Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade P australis Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade

Click on image to view larger version Figs 19 22 Rachilla and floral bract development at 19 leaf stages 2 20 0 21 +2 and 22 +4 respectively Abbreviations ant rab anterior rachilla bract Im Inflorescence

maturity Examination of the kernels before maturity at the early dough stage may show that their contents are grey and liquid instead of white and viscous as they should be at this stage Figure 25 The interior of the rachilla the small stems that attach the spikelets to the stems may also be dark instead or light colored so that the spikelets are easily stripped from

spines See also rachis Cf petiolule petiolule Stalk of a leaflet that part of the axis below the leaflet blade e g as in Zamia manicata See also rachilla pilose With soft hairs e g the immature leaves of Ceratozamia miqueliana See also hirsute lanate pubescent sericeous tomentose Cf glabrous nitidus pinna

rachilla The primary axis of the spikelet in grasses rame

florets are well spaced along the rachilla like Festuca inhabiting disturbed sites 59 ***um perenne Ryegrass Intoruced annual to biennial or short lived perennial bunchgrass inflorescence a terminal two sided spike with spikelets attached edge wise found mostly as a component of lawn grasses and pasture mixes ***um multiflorum is a similar annual to short

by independent segregation in F2 progeny of the sdw b mutant which has also mutation of rachilla hair allelic to gene s from chromosome 7 with high normal long rachilla hair forms Table 3 Results from crosses of mutants dw 1 and sdw b with some genetic marker stocks of chromosome 3 and 7 Both mutants were then crossed with the following markers for more precise

Spikelet details B unioloides Bromus unioloides Tip of spikelet opened to expose rachilla prolongation below left of the terminal floret Lemma tip and awn B inermis Rachilla tip B unioloides Bromus unioloides Uppermost floret left rachilla prolongation with undeveloped floret right Mature ovary of B unioloides Bromus unioloides Hairy

terminal floret Lemma tip and awn B inermis Rachilla tip B unioloides Bromus unioloides Uppermost floret left rachilla prolongation with undeveloped floret right Mature ovary of B unioloides Bromus unioloides Hairy terminally appendaged ovary with subterminal styles Ovary and lodicules of B unioloides Bromus unioloides Membranous

Stapleton 1997 and others Based on this interpretation the main axis rachilla of the spikelet becomes a rachis and the pedicel becomes a peduncle so we use this terminology here SP 1 Compression of florets 0 = terete 1 = lateral 2 = dorsal SP 2 Number of glumes in female fertile spikelets or spikelets proper 0 = absent 1 = one 2 = two 3 = three 4

an open panicle spikelets with usually 2 florets and long rachilla internodes single florets may appear as individual spikelets lemmas with 3 prominent and parallel veins leaf sheaths closed at least initially 50 Melica spectabilis Oniongrass A loosely bunched or single stemmed perennial stems born from slender rhizomes and corms which are swollen stem bases that

Spikelet of B unioloides Spikelet details B unioloides Bromus unioloides Tip of spikelet opened to expose rachilla prolongation below left of the terminal floret Lemma tip and awn B inermis Rachilla tip B unioloides Bromus unioloides Uppermost floret left rachilla prolongation with undeveloped floret right Mature ovary of B

inflorescence with primary branches attached along a central axis and no secondary branches rachilla

creeping rhizomes the largest native Montana grass and showy plume like panicles spikelets with glabrous lemmas and the rachilla bearing long hairs the long rachilla hairs render the the fall inflorescence more plumose than the summer inflorescence common throughout Montana at lower elevations along margins of ponds marshes and rivers 117 Arundo donax Giant Reed

Ligule of P australis Spikelet close up P australis Phragmites australis Rachilla with long white silky hairs Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade P australis Abaxial epidermis of leaf blade microhair P australis A rare microhair T S of leaf blade fluorescence image P australis Transverse section of leaf blade P australis

imparipinnate Of a leaf or leaflet where the rachis or rachilla terminates in a solitary pinna or pinnule e g seedling leaves of Cycas cairnsiana Cf paripinnate in situ Latin of plants growing naturally in their native habitat Cf ex situ incised Deeply and sharply cut e g the leaflets of Cycas micholitzii Cf pinnate

have yet to be convincingly determined despite the broad scope and good quality of the available descriptive data A prime candidate for comparative DNA studies Miscellaneous Ligule of A avenaceus Flower with lodicules A avenaceus Spikelet with rachilla prolongation A avenaceus

occurring in multiple places along a rachilla most grasses except Paniceae Anthecosum Concrescent spikelets Anthephora Buchlo ë 144 Cenchrus 145 Tragus Follicular Anthecetum With a dehiscent pericarpium Centrolepidacae

floret left rachilla prolongation with undeveloped floret right Mature ovary of B unioloides Bromus unioloides Hairy terminally appendaged ovary with subterminal styles Ovary and lodicules of B unioloides Bromus unioloides Membranous lodicules at base of immature ovary Caryopsis Germination in B unioloides Bromus unioloides Radicle lower

Inflorescence and spikelet B catharticus Ligule region B unioloides Ligule region B unioloides Spikelet of B unioloides Spikelet details B unioloides Bromus unioloides Tip of spikelet opened to expose rachilla prolongation below left of the terminal floret Lemma tip and awn B inermis

sessile petiole Stalk of a leaf in a compound leaf that part of the axis below the lowermost leaflets pinnacanths or spines See also rachis Cf petiolule petiolule Stalk of a leaflet that part of the axis below the leaflet blade e g as in Zamia manicata See also rachilla pilose With soft hairs e g the immature

common in an abandoned phosphate pit below This species has lenticular achenes with the achene face adjacent to spikelet rachilla right characteristic of Cyperus subgenus Juncellus

hasta que sobre la una de la tarde empezo a soplar un brisa floja aunque continua y con alguna rachilla las estaticas fueron de las primeras en adornar el cielo

of these grass tribes 49 Catabrosa aquatica Brookgrass A native riparian or wetland perennial that often roots at nodes sometimes forming dense stands of aquatic or semi aquatic habitats inflorescence is an open panicle spikelets with usually 2 florets and long rachilla internodes single florets may appear as individual spikelets lemmas with 3 prominent and

Rachilla internodes 1 2 1 4 mm long flattened narrow straight Lemmas 6 6 5 8 mm long lanceolate Lemmas apices accuminate awns 4 8 10 mm long longer than the lemmas Distribution map

Click on image to view larger version Fig 2 Character groups A Character group 1 Pistillate flower showing pedicel tubular sepals and long flexuous hairs on the filiform rachilla from Balslev 60647 Detail = irregular

P karka causing water loss and stagnation and impeding navigation Used for mats and thatching References etc Leaf anatomical Metcalfe 1960 this project Miscellaneous General morphology General aspect P australis Ligule of P australis Spikelet close up P australis Phragmites australis Rachilla with long white silky hairs